What is China’s National Day and How is It Celebrated?
China’s National Day, known as 国庆节(Guóqìngjié) in Chinese, is a major holiday celebrated on October 1st every year to commemorate the founding of the People's Republic of China (PRC) in 1949. This important day is marked with grand festivities, including military parades, fireworks, and cultural performances across the country.
When is China’s National Day and What Does it Commemorate?
China celebrates National Day annually on October 1st to honor the founding of the PRC. The historic event took place on October 1st, 1949, when Mao Zedong, leader of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), proclaimed the establishment of the People's Republic of China from Tian’anmen Square in Beijing. This moment symbolized the victory of the CCP in the Chinese Civil War, marking the end of the Republic of China (1912-1949) and the beginning of modern China.
Today, National Day kicks off a week-long holiday known as Golden Week, from October 1st to October 7th. During this time, millions of Chinese people travel domestically and abroad to enjoy the festivities and take time off with their families.
Why is National Day Called “Golden Week”?
The term Golden Week (黄金周 / huángjīn zhōu) refers to the week-long public holiday that offers millions of Chinese people the opportunity to travel and celebrate. The government originally extended the holiday to boost the country's tourism industry, making it one of the busiest times of the year for domestic travel.
During Golden Week, the pleasant weather and extended time off make it an ideal period for short and long trips across China. Tourist attractions, shopping malls, and transportation hubs become packed as people take advantage of the holiday to explore different parts of the country.
History of China’s National Day
China’s National Day has its roots in the establishment of the PRC on October 1st, 1949. Following the victory of the Communist Party over the Nationalists in the Chinese Civil War, Mao Zedong declared the birth of the PRC in a grand ceremony at Tian’anmen Square. On October 2nd, 1949, the new government passed a resolution officially designating October 1st as China’s National Day.
Since then, the day has been celebrated annually with large-scale festivities, including military parades every ten years to showcase China’s growing strength and unity.
How is China’s National Day Celebrated?
China’s National Day is marked by various events organized by the government, including:
1. Flag-Raising Ceremony
A flag-raising ceremony takes place in Tian’anmen Square at 6 a.m. on October 1st, where flag guards march from the Tian’anmen Gate Tower to hoist the national flag. The ceremony is open to the public and is widely televised. The October 1st ceremony attracts larger crowds than the monthly flag-raising ceremonies held throughout the year.
2. Anniversary Celebrations
Chinese leaders also lay wreaths at the Monument to the People’s Heroes in Tian’anmen Square to honor those who fought for China’s liberation. Overseas Chinese communities often participate by organizing flag-raising ceremonies to commemorate the occasion.
3. National Day Evening Gala
The National Day Evening Gala features performances of patriotic songs, dances, and other cultural presentations that celebrate China’s history and achievements. Fireworks displays, painting and calligraphy exhibitions, and concerts are other popular activities during the holiday. Many shopping malls also offer significant discounts, making it an excellent time for shopping.
Traveling During China’s National Day
Golden Week is one of the busiest times for tourism in China, as millions of people travel to popular destinations like Beijing, Shanghai, and Hong Kong. However, this high volume of travelers means that tourist attractions, hotels, and transportation options are often crowded and expensive. Travelers planning to visit during this period are advised to book transportation and accommodations well in advance.
Popular Travel Destinations
While many flock to famous spots like the Great Wall or West Street in Yangshuo, these locations can become overcrowded. For a more relaxed experience, travelers may opt for less popular destinations such as Qinghai Province, western Sichuan Province, or the Changbai Mountains.
Tips for Traveling During Golden Week:
Avoid traveling on the first and last days of the holiday, as these are the most crowded times.
Plan your trip in advance, booking flights and train tickets early to secure seats and save money.
Choose offbeat destinations to avoid overcrowded tourist hotspots.
Learn basic Chinese phrases or characters to navigate more easily.
A Time to Celebrate Modern China
China’s National Day is a time to reflect on the country’s history and celebrate its achievements. While the holiday offers a golden opportunity for travel, careful planning is essential to ensure an enjoyable experience amidst the bustling crowds. No matter where you are, the festive atmosphere during National Day is a reflection of national pride and unity, as the country continues to celebrate its progress since 1949.
